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build test
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376
venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py
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376
venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/flask/json/__init__.py
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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"""
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flask.json
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~~~~~~~~~~
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:copyright: 2010 Pallets
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:license: BSD-3-Clause
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"""
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import codecs
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import io
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import uuid
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from datetime import date
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from datetime import datetime
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from itsdangerous import json as _json
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from jinja2 import Markup
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from werkzeug.http import http_date
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from .._compat import PY2
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from .._compat import text_type
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from ..globals import current_app
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from ..globals import request
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try:
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import dataclasses
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except ImportError:
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dataclasses = None
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# Figure out if simplejson escapes slashes. This behavior was changed
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# from one version to another without reason.
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_slash_escape = "\\/" not in _json.dumps("/")
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__all__ = [
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"dump",
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"dumps",
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"load",
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"loads",
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"htmlsafe_dump",
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"htmlsafe_dumps",
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"JSONDecoder",
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"JSONEncoder",
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"jsonify",
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]
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def _wrap_reader_for_text(fp, encoding):
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if isinstance(fp.read(0), bytes):
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fp = io.TextIOWrapper(io.BufferedReader(fp), encoding)
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return fp
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def _wrap_writer_for_text(fp, encoding):
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try:
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fp.write("")
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except TypeError:
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fp = io.TextIOWrapper(fp, encoding)
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return fp
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class JSONEncoder(_json.JSONEncoder):
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"""The default Flask JSON encoder. This one extends the default
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encoder by also supporting ``datetime``, ``UUID``, ``dataclasses``,
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and ``Markup`` objects.
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``datetime`` objects are serialized as RFC 822 datetime strings.
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This is the same as the HTTP date format.
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In order to support more data types, override the :meth:`default`
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method.
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"""
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def default(self, o):
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"""Implement this method in a subclass such that it returns a
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serializable object for ``o``, or calls the base implementation (to
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raise a :exc:`TypeError`).
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For example, to support arbitrary iterators, you could implement
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default like this::
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def default(self, o):
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try:
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iterable = iter(o)
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except TypeError:
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pass
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else:
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return list(iterable)
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return JSONEncoder.default(self, o)
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"""
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if isinstance(o, datetime):
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return http_date(o.utctimetuple())
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if isinstance(o, date):
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return http_date(o.timetuple())
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if isinstance(o, uuid.UUID):
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return str(o)
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if dataclasses and dataclasses.is_dataclass(o):
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return dataclasses.asdict(o)
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if hasattr(o, "__html__"):
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return text_type(o.__html__())
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return _json.JSONEncoder.default(self, o)
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class JSONDecoder(_json.JSONDecoder):
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"""The default JSON decoder. This one does not change the behavior from
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the default simplejson decoder. Consult the :mod:`json` documentation
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for more information. This decoder is not only used for the load
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functions of this module but also :attr:`~flask.Request`.
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"""
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def _dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=None):
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"""Inject default arguments for dump functions."""
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if app is None:
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app = current_app
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if app:
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bp = app.blueprints.get(request.blueprint) if request else None
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kwargs.setdefault(
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"cls", bp.json_encoder if bp and bp.json_encoder else app.json_encoder
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)
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if not app.config["JSON_AS_ASCII"]:
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kwargs.setdefault("ensure_ascii", False)
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kwargs.setdefault("sort_keys", app.config["JSON_SORT_KEYS"])
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else:
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kwargs.setdefault("sort_keys", True)
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kwargs.setdefault("cls", JSONEncoder)
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def _load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=None):
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"""Inject default arguments for load functions."""
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if app is None:
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app = current_app
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if app:
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bp = app.blueprints.get(request.blueprint) if request else None
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kwargs.setdefault(
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"cls", bp.json_decoder if bp and bp.json_decoder else app.json_decoder
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)
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else:
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kwargs.setdefault("cls", JSONDecoder)
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def detect_encoding(data):
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"""Detect which UTF codec was used to encode the given bytes.
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The latest JSON standard (:rfc:`8259`) suggests that only UTF-8 is
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accepted. Older documents allowed 8, 16, or 32. 16 and 32 can be big
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or little endian. Some editors or libraries may prepend a BOM.
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:param data: Bytes in unknown UTF encoding.
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:return: UTF encoding name
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"""
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head = data[:4]
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if head[:3] == codecs.BOM_UTF8:
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return "utf-8-sig"
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if b"\x00" not in head:
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return "utf-8"
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if head in (codecs.BOM_UTF32_BE, codecs.BOM_UTF32_LE):
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return "utf-32"
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if head[:2] in (codecs.BOM_UTF16_BE, codecs.BOM_UTF16_LE):
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return "utf-16"
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if len(head) == 4:
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if head[:3] == b"\x00\x00\x00":
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return "utf-32-be"
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if head[::2] == b"\x00\x00":
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return "utf-16-be"
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if head[1:] == b"\x00\x00\x00":
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return "utf-32-le"
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if head[1::2] == b"\x00\x00":
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return "utf-16-le"
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if len(head) == 2:
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return "utf-16-be" if head.startswith(b"\x00") else "utf-16-le"
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return "utf-8"
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def dumps(obj, app=None, **kwargs):
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"""Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON-formatted string. If there is an
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app context pushed, use the current app's configured encoder
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(:attr:`~flask.Flask.json_encoder`), or fall back to the default
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:class:`JSONEncoder`.
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Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.dumps`, and
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does some extra configuration based on the application. If the
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simplejson package is installed, it is preferred.
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:param obj: Object to serialize to JSON.
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:param app: App instance to use to configure the JSON encoder.
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Uses ``current_app`` if not given, and falls back to the default
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encoder when not in an app context.
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:param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.dumps`.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
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``app`` can be passed directly, rather than requiring an app
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context for configuration.
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"""
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_dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
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encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
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rv = _json.dumps(obj, **kwargs)
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if encoding is not None and isinstance(rv, text_type):
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rv = rv.encode(encoding)
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return rv
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def dump(obj, fp, app=None, **kwargs):
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"""Like :func:`dumps` but writes into a file object."""
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_dump_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
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encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
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if encoding is not None:
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fp = _wrap_writer_for_text(fp, encoding)
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_json.dump(obj, fp, **kwargs)
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def loads(s, app=None, **kwargs):
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"""Deserialize an object from a JSON-formatted string ``s``. If
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there is an app context pushed, use the current app's configured
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decoder (:attr:`~flask.Flask.json_decoder`), or fall back to the
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default :class:`JSONDecoder`.
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Takes the same arguments as the built-in :func:`json.loads`, and
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does some extra configuration based on the application. If the
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simplejson package is installed, it is preferred.
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:param s: JSON string to deserialize.
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:param app: App instance to use to configure the JSON decoder.
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Uses ``current_app`` if not given, and falls back to the default
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encoder when not in an app context.
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:param kwargs: Extra arguments passed to :func:`json.dumps`.
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.. versionchanged:: 1.0.3
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``app`` can be passed directly, rather than requiring an app
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context for configuration.
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"""
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_load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
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if isinstance(s, bytes):
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encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", None)
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if encoding is None:
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encoding = detect_encoding(s)
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s = s.decode(encoding)
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return _json.loads(s, **kwargs)
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def load(fp, app=None, **kwargs):
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"""Like :func:`loads` but reads from a file object."""
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_load_arg_defaults(kwargs, app=app)
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if not PY2:
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fp = _wrap_reader_for_text(fp, kwargs.pop("encoding", None) or "utf-8")
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return _json.load(fp, **kwargs)
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def htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs):
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"""Works exactly like :func:`dumps` but is safe for use in ``<script>``
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tags. It accepts the same arguments and returns a JSON string. Note that
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this is available in templates through the ``|tojson`` filter which will
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also mark the result as safe. Due to how this function escapes certain
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characters this is safe even if used outside of ``<script>`` tags.
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The following characters are escaped in strings:
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- ``<``
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- ``>``
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- ``&``
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- ``'``
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This makes it safe to embed such strings in any place in HTML with the
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notable exception of double quoted attributes. In that case single
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quote your attributes or HTML escape it in addition.
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.. versionchanged:: 0.10
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This function's return value is now always safe for HTML usage, even
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if outside of script tags or if used in XHTML. This rule does not
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hold true when using this function in HTML attributes that are double
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quoted. Always single quote attributes if you use the ``|tojson``
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filter. Alternatively use ``|tojson|forceescape``.
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"""
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rv = (
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dumps(obj, **kwargs)
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.replace(u"<", u"\\u003c")
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.replace(u">", u"\\u003e")
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.replace(u"&", u"\\u0026")
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.replace(u"'", u"\\u0027")
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)
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if not _slash_escape:
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rv = rv.replace("\\/", "/")
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return rv
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def htmlsafe_dump(obj, fp, **kwargs):
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"""Like :func:`htmlsafe_dumps` but writes into a file object."""
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fp.write(text_type(htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs)))
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def jsonify(*args, **kwargs):
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"""This function wraps :func:`dumps` to add a few enhancements that make
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life easier. It turns the JSON output into a :class:`~flask.Response`
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object with the :mimetype:`application/json` mimetype. For convenience, it
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also converts multiple arguments into an array or multiple keyword arguments
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into a dict. This means that both ``jsonify(1,2,3)`` and
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``jsonify([1,2,3])`` serialize to ``[1,2,3]``.
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For clarity, the JSON serialization behavior has the following differences
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from :func:`dumps`:
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1. Single argument: Passed straight through to :func:`dumps`.
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2. Multiple arguments: Converted to an array before being passed to
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:func:`dumps`.
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3. Multiple keyword arguments: Converted to a dict before being passed to
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:func:`dumps`.
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4. Both args and kwargs: Behavior undefined and will throw an exception.
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Example usage::
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from flask import jsonify
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@app.route('/_get_current_user')
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def get_current_user():
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return jsonify(username=g.user.username,
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email=g.user.email,
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id=g.user.id)
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This will send a JSON response like this to the browser::
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{
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"username": "admin",
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"email": "admin@localhost",
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"id": 42
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}
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.. versionchanged:: 0.11
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Added support for serializing top-level arrays. This introduces a
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security risk in ancient browsers. See :ref:`json-security` for details.
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This function's response will be pretty printed if the
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``JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR`` config parameter is set to True or the
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Flask app is running in debug mode. Compressed (not pretty) formatting
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currently means no indents and no spaces after separators.
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.. versionadded:: 0.2
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"""
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indent = None
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separators = (",", ":")
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if current_app.config["JSONIFY_PRETTYPRINT_REGULAR"] or current_app.debug:
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indent = 2
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separators = (", ", ": ")
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if args and kwargs:
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raise TypeError("jsonify() behavior undefined when passed both args and kwargs")
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elif len(args) == 1: # single args are passed directly to dumps()
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data = args[0]
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else:
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data = args or kwargs
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return current_app.response_class(
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dumps(data, indent=indent, separators=separators) + "\n",
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mimetype=current_app.config["JSONIFY_MIMETYPE"],
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)
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def tojson_filter(obj, **kwargs):
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return Markup(htmlsafe_dumps(obj, **kwargs))
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